The top quark is the heaviest known elementary particle in the Standard Model of particle physics. It was discovered in 1995 at the Fermilab Tevatron collider in the United States. The study of the top quark is important for understanding the fundamental constituents of matter and the forces that govern their interactions. The top quark is a key player in many processes at high-energy particle colliders, as its large mass makes it a sensitive probe of new physics beyond the Standard Model. Experimental and theoretical research on the top quark focuses on measurements of its properties, production mechanisms, and decays, as well as searches for deviations from the Standard Model predictions. Studying the top quark provides valuable information about the validity of the Standard Model and offers opportunities to explore hypothetical particles or interactions that could extend our understanding of the fundamental forces and particles in the universe.